First 3D Print Calibration

My new 3-D printer is assembled and powers up fine, but every time I start a job the print begins, then quickly turns into a stringy, broken mess. I want to get that very first PLA test piece to complete cleanly and learn the adjustment steps that make it repeatable... (Budget: $30 - $250 USD, Jobs: 3D CAD, 3D Design, 3D Modelling, 3D Print Design, 3D Printing, 3D Rendering, CAD/CAM, Solidworks)